I view and pre-edit RAW files with Adobe Camera RAW 4.2 and it has the ability to save any default settings you like for the RAW to JPEG or TIFF conversion - including exposure "compensation" and also brightness. This is entirely independent of the original camera settings. So it's easy enough to have accidentally (?) used excessive settings for that 1/4000 image, IMHO.
If it's a test, did I pass?
Ted