I often read postings like: "What equipment do I need for a trip to abc?" And then there are answers like, "You definitely need xyz equipment and don't need uvw equipment!"
This is a bit of my philosophy regarding travel photography and equipment needed to accomplish that photography.
It seems that there are two general categories of travel pictures; and the type of photos you desire to bring home might have a direct bearing on the type of equipment you would select for your travels. I am not degrading "any" type of photography; simply noting that the equipment one person might need for coverage can greatly differ from the equipment another person might use. Therefore the blanket statements that "You don't need xyz equipment for a trip to abc; might not be useful to a wide spectrum of photographers. However a statement like, "I used uvw equipment on my trip because..." might be helpful!
The first type of photography is "Look where I was!" This is a collection of pictures of you and your travel companions possibly with the place you visited as background. Generally, these are of the snapshot variety and can be all many people desire to come home with. In fact, I have a sister in law who will look with awe on any photo in which any family member is pictured. Even close ups of the faces or body parts with no other reference to place them in the context of the area visited interests her. If there is no one she knows in the image, she has no interest in that image. My daughter is a proponent of this type of photography and now doesn't even bring a camera to record her trips. Her smart phone is all she carries. It seems that for this type of coverage, a smartphone, a P&S, or at most a bridge camera is all one needs.
The second genre of travel photography is to document the area and what is seen in those areas. Quite often a more sophisticated camera setup is needed for that type of photography. Especially if the end product might be a bit more than for just posting on facebook or some other social media site...
The above photography can be split into two general groupings.
Those whose desire it is to record the architecture and landscape of areas visited and for one reason or another, have not much interest in recording the people of the areas visited. I think that these are the photographers who maintain that longer lenses are just not needed for trips to abc or def locations. They are the folks who state, "my 10 to 20mm (or some such) lens never left my camera" or "I carried a longer lens while visiting abc but never needed it!"
The second group wants to bring home a collection of pictures which will capture both the mood and the people of the places visited. I count myself in that group. Although I think that it is necessary to capture the standard brick and mortar images, like The Great Wall on a visit to China, I also want to come home with a collection of images that will capture (to the best of my ability - given time constraints of any trip) the essence of the people living in any area. This type of photography probably requires the greatest variety of equipment. I NEED my longer lens to capture local people without their being aware of the camera. I also want images of good enough quality to make large prints (if I so desire). This means more expensive (and usually heavier) gear. However, I am willing and still (at 73 years old) able to carry that gear. I don't know how long that ability will last but, I have lost 15 pounds and expect to lose an additional five or so pounds before my mid-June trip. That will make up for the approximately 10-pounds of equipment I will generally carry.
Another, differential is just HOW IMPORTANT photography is to you on your trip. I personally would have no great desire to travel without the ability to photograph; while for others, photography is just a minor sideline to any trip. Obviously photography is important to me if I am willing to diet in order to carry my gear I love to eat and hate to diet
I research the areas I plan to visit and have some idea of what types of images I want to bring home... In China, I wanted some older people in Mao suits (I found very few of these) as well as younger student types (these abounded, especially in Shanghai).
In Greece, I want some older women dressed in black contrasted against the white and pastel buildings of the Greek Islands I also want some older men sitting together enjoying the afternoon sun. I definitely want a series of the Greek soldiers in their kilts and tassled shoes guarding the palace. As far as architecture, the Acrpolis is a must but, I also want the blue roofed white buildings of Santorini.
In Istanbul, I want a lot of pictures or merchants in the various markets, men fishing from the Galata bridge and I want a series of contrasts of females in traditional and modern garb. The Hagia Sophia is a must as well as shots of the Istanbul skyinge across the Bosphorus.
Of course, the equpment which one owns or can afford to own is quite often a limiting factor. In my lengthy discourse above, I have not taken equipment cost into consideration.
As I mentioned, there is no right or wrong in any of these ways to travel. However, there is a major difference in the equipment needed on any trip.